Structural safety assessment procedure for membrane-type LNG CCS considering hydroelasticity effect

As environmental regulations have become more onerous, the demand for LNG and LNG carriers has increased. The LNG cargo containment system (LNG CCS) is one of the most important facilities in LNG carriers, and many membrane types of LNG CCS have been developed so far. Traditionally, sloshing model tests are performed and a series of statistical approaches are used to obtain design sloshing pressures. Then, these design loads are utilized to analyze the structural safety of LNG CCS. In the sloshing model test, the flat and almost rigid plate is used as the LNG CCS instead of a real model, and thus, the hydroelasticity effect cannot be considered. In the present research, the effect of hydroelasticity on sloshing pressure was investigated in a fluid-structure interaction simulation. A wet drop simulation was conducted, and its results subsequently were compared with wet drop experimental test results to ensure their validity. Then, two types of structure model, namely a flat-rigid plate model and a flat-flexible CCS model, were generated to investigate the effect of hydroelasticity. Also, a fluid hitting analysis model was devised to realize the sloshing phenomenon, and the two generated structure models were applied as the structure domain in the analysis. In the fluid hitting simulations, it was found that the hydroelasticity effect on sloshing pressure is significant. Thus, correction factors, which are quantitative values of the effect of hydroelasticity, were derived (and are proposed herein). Finally, a structural safety assessment procedure for consideration of the hydroelasticity effect was derived (and is suggested herein).     

涌浪条件下斜坡式防波堤堤脚块石稳定性

海外港口工程大部分位于以涌浪为主的海域,防波堤在涌浪作用下的稳定性尚未得到全面认识。对于斜坡堤,除了护面对其稳定性至关重要外,堤脚对其稳定性也很重要。以某一具体港口防波堤工程为例,通过波浪断面和局部整体物理模型试验,对涌浪作用下斜坡堤堤脚块石的稳定性进行了研究。根据试验结果,对比正向和斜向波浪作用下斜坡堤堤脚块石的稳定性结果,重点分析了斜向波浪作用下斜坡堤堤头圆弧段堤脚块石发生破坏的原因及其随入射波浪周期和水位的变化关系,并对原方案堤脚进行了优化。     

中国乘用车工况构建

依托“中国工况”项目，对我国乘用车行驶工况进行深入研究. 在全国41 个城市采集乘用车共计1 600 万km的行驶数据，收集各城市交通量大数据用于权重因子开发；利用权重因子对采集数据进行加权，获取代表我国驾驶特征的、统一的速度-加速度分布，以其为基准，使用卡方检验选择最优短片段组合作为我国乘用车行驶工况(CLTC). 对比CLTC工况特征与其他典型工况及实测数据GIS加权结果，CLTC工况更符合我国实际.     

基于剩余充电电量的锂离子电池组容量快速估计方法

针对传统锂离子电池组容量确定方法存在的效率低、能耗高且只能离线应用等问题,提出一种基于电池剩余充电电量的锂离子电池组容量快速估计方法。首先,基于充电电压曲线一致性原理,以电池组内率先充电至充电截止电压的电池单体电压曲线为基准,通过电压曲线的平移缩放与线性插值计算出各单体电池的剩余充电电量与剩余充电时间,从而实现各单体电池的荷电状态(State of Charge, SOC)在线估计,在此基础上实现电池组容量的快速估计。其次,在电池单体模型的基础上建立电池组的仿真模型,并在全SOC区域上对模型参数进行分段辨识。通过所建立的仿真模型得到电池组的充放电曲线,并对电池组容量进行估计。最后,对4个单体串联而成的电池组进行充电试验。研究结果表明:仿真容量与估计容量误差为1.2%以内,验证了所提出的容量快速估计算法的有效性;利用所提方法估计出电池组容量与试验得到的电池组容量的误差为2.61%;该方法根据电池充电曲线的平移与缩放即可在线估计出电池组容量,可应用于新电池组容量的在线快速估计,能在保证3%估计误差的基础上将检测效率提高到传统方法的2倍以上。     

卡西姆港燃煤应急电站卸煤码头港池水域平面布置优化

针对复杂水域条件下大型散货码头的水域平面布置,基于卡西姆燃煤应急电站码头工程项目,根据对周边已建工程、红树林以及水动力等主要影响因素的深入分析提出初步平面方案,并通过船舶操纵模拟试验对平面布置及相关尺度进行优化,合理确定本工程平面布置方案。结果表明,本工程的建设对周边影响较小,水域尺度能够满足船舶通航及靠离泊要求,水域平面布置合理。     

Numerical modelling of hydrodynamic responses of Ocean Farm 1 in waves and current and validation against model test measurements

With the continuous growing of the aquaculture industry and increasingly limited fish farming sites at close to shore areas both in Norway and worldwide, there is a need to develop fish farms suitable for aquaculture production in typical offshore environments. For this purpose, SALMAR has developed and deployed the Ocean Farm 1 facility for offshore fish farming.The main purpose of this paper is to develop a reliable numerical model and investigate the motion responses of the Ocean Farm 1 structure in waves and current. The established numerical model consists of the Ocean Farm 1's frame structure (with rigidly-connected circular column components), the net and the mooring system. The hydrodynamic external loads and coefficients of the frame structure are obtained by using potential flow theory. The quadratic drag load on the individual circular columns of the frame structure is formulated by a given drag coefficient. The loads on the net are formulated by using the screen model, where the Reynold number dependent lift and drag forces are formulated as a function of the solidity ratio Sn of the net, relative inflow angle and velocity. The hydrodynamic loads on the mooring lines are formulated using the Morison's equation and the structural responses of the mooring lines are obtained using a nonlinear FE model.With the developed numerical model, time domain simulations are performed. The simulation results are firstly validated against measured data from the decay tests, current tests, and regular wave tests. After the validation, numerical simulations are performed in different irregular wave and current combined weather conditions and the obtained motion response of Ocean Farm 1 are discussed and compared with available measurement data.     

双弧型横向钢阻尼装置试验研究与应用分析

以商合杭客运专线颍上特大桥为工程背景,对双弧型横向钢阻尼装置的应用性能进行了试验研究.结果表明:双弧型横向钢阻尼装置具有较好的滞回特性,应用双弧型横向钢阻尼装置可以降低桥梁横桥向1阶频率,减小桥梁横向地震力,提高桥梁的抗震性能,但并未改变桥梁的振型特征.     

高速铁路深厚软土地基物理力学特性分析及沉降控制

为研究东北地区高速铁路软土地基路基物理力学特性及其沉降控制方法,通过物性参数试验、无侧限抗压强度试验、直接剪切试验以及固结试验等,并结合工后沉降检算,提出适用于该片区的地基加固手段。研究表明:(1)研究区域软弱夹层分布在地表8 m以下,厚度为4~8 m,液性指数随深度逐渐下降,在14 m处降至最低;(2)0~8 m深度范围内,无侧限抗压强度、黏聚力、内摩擦角、压缩模量等指标随深度变大逐渐下降,深度8 m以下,强度指标随深度加深不断上升,在14 m深度处达到峰值;(3)桩长为8~16 m时,工后沉降随着CFG桩长增大线性降低,桩长增至16 m时,工后沉降降幅约为70%,为该区域最优桩长。     

柴油机增压器包覆层隔声性能试验分析及优化设计

提出一种船用增压器的包覆层结构,其内层为绝热材料和吸声材料,外层为金属薄片。采用统计能量法(SEA)建立该结构的中高频段隔声数值模型,开展包覆层的隔声试验,隔声量实测值与仿真结果吻合较好,能验证数值建模的有效性。对包覆层的吸声材料的厚度、密度和流阻等参数进行优化设计,利用正交试验法设计数值试验组,采用极差和方差分析法分析影响材料隔声性能的关键因素,得出最重要的影响因素是材料厚度,在选型设计中还应考虑密度和流阻因素。当安装厚度受限时,可通过改变密度和流阻值来提高材料的隔声量。     

Experimental study on seismic vibration control of an offshore wind turbine with TMD considering soil liquefaction effect

Wind energy is clean and sustainable. Taiwan is establishing offshore wind farms using wind turbines in the Taiwan Strait. However, these are located in an earthquake-prone area with sandy seabed conditions. To ensure their safety and reliability, the turbines’ support structure must be protected against wind, waves, and seismic loads. Tuned mass dampers (TMDs) are commonly employed to reduce structural vibrations. A TMD is more simply incorporated into turbine structures than are other energy dissipation devices. In this study, a 1:25-scale test model with a TMD was constructed and subjected to shaking table tests to experimentally simulate the dynamic behavior of a typical 5-MW wind turbine with a jacket-type support structure and pile foundation. The scaled-down wind turbine model has a nacelle without rotating blades; therefore, the aerodynamic and rotational effects due to the rotating blades were ignored in this study. A large laminar shear box filled with saturated sandy ground was used to simulate the typical seabed conditions of Taiwanese offshore wind farms. The TMD system was designed to be tuned the first-mode frequency of the test model. Two ground accelerations, selected by considering wind farm site condition and near-fault characteristics, were used for excitation in the test. The responses of the test model with and without the TMD system were compared, and the influence of soil liquefaction on the effectiveness of TMD vibration control was addressed.